COMPETITION LAW IN THE DIGITAL ERA: LEGAL AND JURISPRUDENTIAL CHALLENGES IN DIGITAL MARKETS

Abstract

The accelerated transformations of the digital environment have profoundly reshaped the structure of the global economy, generating remarkable opportunities as well as significant challenges for the effective enforcement of competition rules. This article provides a detailed analysis of sophisticated anticompetitive practices within the online sphere, addressing issues such as the abuse of dominant position by digital platforms, algorithmic collusion, and the strategic impact of economic concentrations in digital markets. It thoroughly examines legislative and judicial responses at both the European and national levels, with special emphasis on relevant Romanian case law. The discussion is extended through a comparative analysis of strategies adopted in other major jurisdictions, thereby contributing to a deeper understanding of international trends in the enforcement of competition law in the digital context. The paper explores in detail key doctrinal debates in both Romanian and international legal literature, offering a critical reflection on current challenges. The necessity of implementing flexible legal mechanisms and strengthening cross-border cooperation is highlighted as a response to the rapidly evolving dynamics of digital markets, in order to ensure effective protection of competition and consumer rights. Within a multidisciplinary framework that integrates legal, economic, and technological perspectives, the article proposes coherent solutions aimed at fostering a competitive and fair digital ecosystem.