THE EVOLUTION OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS PROTECTION WITHIN THE EU LEGAL ORDER
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v7i3.691Keywords:
fundamental rights, EU primary law, ECJ case lawAbstract
The issue of fundamental rights protection in the European Union is of highestimportance. The discussion on the topic has been started as early as the beginning of 1970s,
although the founding Treaties did not include any catalogue of fundamental rights. After a
long evolutionary process with many actors involved, the final result is shown in the Treaty of
Lisbon.
References
A. Biondi, P. Eeckhout, Stephanie Ripley (eds.), EU Law after Lisbon, Oxford
University Press, Oxford, 2012.
Loreta Saltinyte, European Union accession to the European Convention on Human
Rights: Stronger Protection of Fundamental Rights in Europe?, Jurisprudence, vol. 17,
Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, 2010.
Catherine Barnard, The Substantive Law of the EU: The Four Freedoms, Oxford
University Press, 2nd edition, Oxford, 2007.
S. Peers, Angela Ward (eds.), The EU Charter of Fundamental Rights: Politics, Law
and Policy, Hart Publishing, Oxford, 2004.
R. Blackburn, J. Polakiewicz (eds.), Fundamental Rights in Europe, The ECHR and its
Member States, 1950-2000, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2001.
R. Hanski, M. Suksi (eds.), An Introduction to the International Protection of Human
Rights, Abo University, Institute for Human Rights, Turku, 1999.
P. Alston, J. Η. Η. Weiler, An “Ever Closer Union†in Need of a Human Rights
Policy, European Journal of International Law, vol. 9, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1998.
S. Martin (ed.), The Construction of Europe: Essays in Honour of Emile Noel, Kluwer
Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1994.
B. Paulin, Mary Minch, The European Community and the European Convention on
Human Rights, Government and Opposition, vol. 15, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 1980.
K. Economides, J. Weiler, Reports of Communities, Modern Law Review, vol. 42,
Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 1979.
Commission Memorandum, Accession of the Communities to the European
Convention on Human Rights, Bulletin of the European Communities, Supplement 2/79,
Brussels, 1979.
R. Bernhardt, The protection of fundamental rights in the European Community,
Bulletin of the European Communities, Supplement 5/76, Brussels, 1976.