UNDERSTANDING STEM EMPLOYMENT CHALLENGES IN GEORGIA: A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF EMPLOYER PERSPECTIVES

Abstract

This paper explores the challenges and opportunities within Georgia’s STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) labor market from the perspective of employers. Drawing on qualitative data from in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with representatives from key sectors—including ICT, healthcare, engineering, and research—the study examines structural issues hindering STEM workforce development. The analysis identifies six major challenges: talent drain, low salaries and limited career growth, mismatch between education and labor market demands, limited STEM awareness, gender disparities, and regional inequalities. Findings show that employers face persistent difficulty in attracting and retaining qualified professionals, largely due to inadequate training systems, underfunded research infrastructure, and limited career incentives. The study concludes that improved collaboration between academia, industry, and government is essential for enhancing workforce preparedness and promoting sustainable economic growth. Policy recommendations include aligning academic programs with labor market needs, investing in regional infrastructure and promoting inclusive STEM participation through early engagement and targeted reforms.