THE IMPACT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC ACCOUNTABILITY FRAMEWORKS IN THE EU

Abstract

This study explores how socio-economic factors affect the effectiveness of public accountability frameworks in EU member states, with Romania as a case study. Using data from the World Bank, Eurobarometer, and cross-country comparisons, it identifies five key determinants: income inequality, education, healthcare access, political participation, and economic stability. Grounded in institutional theory, the research shows that inclusive institutions and lower disparities lead to stronger accountability, while weaker frameworks often reinforce inequality and corruption. For Romania, the study recommends boosting transparency, enforcing anti-corruption measures, improving rural-urban equity, and enhancing civic education to strengthen the link between citizens and institutions.