Noise Characterization in Web Cameras using Independent Component Analysis
Keywords:
fixed pattern noise, interaction noise, temporal noise, independent component analysis, principle component analysisAbstract
An image captured by a web camera contains stationary and nonstationary noise patterns. These noise patterns are of three types i.e. Fixed Pattern Noise (FPN), Interactive Nose (IN) and Temporal Noise (TN). TN is an independent noise pattern and needs an algorithm that does exploit its higher-order dependencies. Previously, these noise patterns have been characterized using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). PCA is restricted to second order dependencies. In this paper Independent Component Analysis (ICA) has been investigated for actual TN noise. The experimental results demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.
References
Jose Manuel, Lopez-Alonso, and Javier Alda, "Characterization of artfacts in fully digital mage-acquisition systems: Application to web cameras" in Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation ngineers(SPIE), 2004, vol. 43, pp. 257-265.
Heli T. Hytti, "Characterization of digital image noise properties based on raw data" in mage Quality and System Performance III, 2006, vol. 6059, 60590A.
Tetsuya Takiguchi and Yasuo Ariki, "Pca-based speech enhancement for distorted speech ecognition" in Journal of multimedia, 2005, vol. 2, pp. 13-18.
M. Stewart Bartlett, Javier R. Movellan, and Terrence J. Sejnowski, "Face recognition by ndependent component analysis" in IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks, 2002, pp. 450-1464.
Bell A. J., T. J. Sejnowski, and Vision Res, "The independent components of natural scenes re edge filters," in In Neural Comput, 1997, vol. 37, pp. 3327-3338.
S. Makeig, A. J. Bell, T.-P. Jung, and T. J. Sejnowski, "What is the goal of sensory coding?" n In Neural Comput, 1994, vol. 6, pp. 559-601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco.1994.6.4.559
M. J. McKeown, S. Makeig, G. G. Brown, T.-P. Jung, S. S. Kindermann, A. J. Bell, and . J. Sejnowski, "Analysis of fmri by decomposition into independent spatial components" n Human Brain Mapping, 1998, vol. 6, pp. 160-188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0193(1998)6:33.0.CO;2-1
Published
Issue
Section
License
ONLINE OPEN ACCES: Acces to full text of each article and each issue are allowed for free in respect of Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0.
You are free to:
-Share: copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format;
-Adapt: remix, transform, and build upon the material.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
DISCLAIMER: The author(s) of each article appearing in International Journal of Computers Communications & Control is/are solely responsible for the content thereof; the publication of an article shall not constitute or be deemed to constitute any representation by the Editors or Agora University Press that the data presented therein are original, correct or sufficient to support the conclusions reached or that the experiment design or methodology is adequate.
